どうして がっこう を やすみ ましたか。
Let's complete the sentence "どうして __ __ ★ __ 。" which means "Why did you...?" The correct sequence is "どうして がっこう を やすみ ましたか。" meaning "Why were you absent from school?" The correct choice is "やすみ" (yasumi). This is the stem form of the verb "やすむ" (yasumu - to be absent, to rest). It directly combines with "ましたか" to form "やすみましたか", which means "were you absent?" in the past tense, polite form. "がっこう" (gakkou - school) is wrong because it's the object of the verb. It needs the particle "を" after it and comes before the verb phrase. "を" (o) is wrong because it's a particle, and needs a noun before it. "ましたか" (mashitaka) is wrong because it's the polite past tense question ending and should come at the very end of the verb phrase, not in the middle before the star. **Grammar Tip:** To ask a polite past tense question with an action verb, use the verb stem + `ましたか`. For example, `たべます` (to eat) -> `たべましたか` (did you eat?).
「どうして __ __ ★ __ 。」の正しい(ただしい)文(ぶん)は「どうして 学校(がっこう) を 休(やす)み ましたか。」(なぜ 学校(がっこう) を 休(やす)んだのですか。)です。 「やすみ」は 動詞(どうし) 「休(やす)む」の 連用形(れんようけい) (ます 形(けい) から「ます」を取(と)った 形(けい) )です。 後(うし)ろの「ましたか」と合(あ)わせて「やすみましたか」となり、 過去(かこ)の 疑問文(ぎもんぶん) を 作(つく)ります。 「がっこう」は 動詞(どうし) の 目的語(もくてきご) なので「を」の 前(まえ) です。「を」は 助詞(じょし) なので 名詞(めいし) の 後(うし)ろです。「ましたか」は 文(ぶん) の 終(お)わりに 来(く)ます。
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