JLPT N3 • GRAMMAR

べきではない

You should not listen to loud music in the middle of the night. It's a nuisance to neighbors.

Câu hỏi luyện tập

夜(よる)中(なか)に大(おお)きな音(おと)で音(おん)楽(がく)を聴(き)く(   )。近(きん)所(じょ)迷(めい)惑(わく)です。
Giải thích

夜(よる)中(なか)に大(おお)きな音(おと)で音(おん)楽(がく)を聴(き)く「べきではない」。近(きん)所(じょ)迷(めい)惑(わく)です。

English Explanation

The pattern '〜べきだ / 〜べきではない' (beki / beki de wa nai) means 'should' or 'should not'. It expresses a strong moral, social, or logical duty based on common sense, rather than representing a strict legal codex. It connects to the dictionary form of verbs (with the classic exception 'する' changing to 'すべき'). It conveys advice, self-reflection, or general ethical guidelines. In this sentence, it translates perfectly as: "You should not listen to loud music in the middle of the night. It's a nuisance to neighbors.". The correct option 'べきではない' dynamically matches the structural requirements and logical flow of the statement. 'わけがない' is incorrect because 💡 this sentence is obviously scolding someone about their manners! if you use 'わけがない', you're acting like a detective calmly deducing 'there's no way people listen to music at night', while the loud music is blasting right next to you! haha.

日本語解説

「〜べきだ / 〜べきではない」は、道徳的・社会的常識、あるいは論理的な観点から判断して「当然〜するべきだ / 〜してはいけない」と話し手の強い義務的主張を述べる表現です。法律などの強制ルールではなく、個人の良識に基づく主張です。 接続は「動詞の辞書形+べきだ」となります(※するは「すべき」になります)。強い忠告や自省の言葉として使われます。 本問では、「夜(よる)中(なか)に大(おお)きな音(おと)で音(おん)楽(がく)を聴(き)く(   )。近(きん)所(じょ)迷(めい)惑(わく)です。」という文脈で使われており、「べきではない」を補うことで最も自然な日本語表現になります。 他の選択肢について、わけがないは「💡 This sentence is obviously scolding someone about their manners! If you use 'わけがない', you're acting like a detective calmly deducing 'There's no way people listen to music at night', while the loud music is blasting right next to you! haha」ため、この文脈では不適当となります。

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