ペン ___ 手紙を書きます。
The particle "で" (de) indicates the means, instrument, or method used to perform an action. In "ペンで手紙を書きます," "ペン" (pen) is the tool used for writing. It answers the question "how?" or "with what?".
助詞「で」は行為を行う手段や道具を示します。「何を使って」という意味です。例:「電車で会社に行きます。」
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