The transitive verb '断る' (kotowaru) means 'to refuse', 'to decline', 'to reject', or 'to ask permission in advance'. It is most frequently used to decline invitations, proposals, or requests politely. It can also mean giving advance notice or seeking permission, as in '断りを入れる' (to notify beforehand).
他動詞「断る」は「相手からの提案、招待、依頼などを辞退すること(拒否する)」を意味します。また、事前に「一言断っておく(前もって了解を得る)」といった許可を求める文脈でも使用されます。
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