to exert, to cause, to have an effect on

💡 Nuance & Usage: Often used with negative connotations (e.g., to cause harm, influence) but can also be neutral (e.g., to exert influence). (影響や害などを「与える」という意味で使われます。多くはネガティブな文脈ですが、中立的な影響にも使えます。)