On desk's top, red book and such exist. [Syntax]
📖 Explanation & Nuance
The correct answer is "など" (and so on/etc.). The sentence means "On the desk, there are red books, and so on." The phrase is "あかい ほん など が あります" (There are red books, etc.). "あかい" (red) is an い-adjective modifying "ほん" (book). "など" is used after a list or example to indicate there are other similar items. The particle "が" marks the subject of existence verbs like "あります" (there is/are). Placing "あかい" or "ほん" at the star position would be grammatically incorrect because "など" must come after the item it refers to, and "が" marks the entire subject phrase. **Grammar Tip:** Use 「など」 after a noun (or a list of nouns) to mean "and so on," "etc.," or "things like...". It indicates there are other similar items.
正解は「など」です。「つくえの 上に あかい ほん など が あります」で、「赤い本などがあります」となります。「など」は例を挙げた後に使って「~など」と続くことを示します。「あかい」は「ほん」を修飾するい形容詞です。「ほん」を星の位置に入れると、「など」を置く場所がなくなります。「が」は主語を示す助詞です。 **文法ヒント:** 名詞の後に「など」を使うと、「~など」や「~といったもの」という意味になります。
📝 Example Sentence
つくえの うえに あかい ほん など が あります。
On desk's top, red book and such exist. [Syntax]
Practice Quiz
Verify your grammar strength for "など"
Explanation (EN): The correct answer is \"など\" (and so on/etc.). The sentence means \"On the desk, there are red books, and so on.\" The phrase is \"あかい ほん など が あります\" (There are red books, etc.). \"あかい\" (red) is an い-adjective modifying \"ほん\" (book). \"など\" is used after a list or example to indicate there are other similar items. The particle \"が\" marks the subject of existence verbs like \"あります\" (there is/are). Placing \"あかい\" or \"ほん\" at the star position would be grammatically incorrect because \"など\" must come after the item it refers to, and \"が\" marks the entire subject phrase. **Grammar Tip:** Use 「など」 after a noun (or a list of nouns) to mean \"and so on,\" \"etc.,\" or \"things like...\". It indicates there are other similar items.
Want to master all JLPT N5 Grammar?
Project Eagle offers thousands of gamified, AI-powered JLPT practice problems completely for free. Master Grammar, Kanji, and listening with adaptive spacing!