Quadruple VS
Synonym Boundary: "深刻な", "重大", "真剣な", "謹厳"
All represent the core concept "serious", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
深刻な
しんこくな (shinkokuna)
N3 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
重大
じゅうだい (jūdai)
N3 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
真剣な
しんけんな (shinken na)
N3 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
謹厳
きんげん (kingen)
N1 / CEFR
Quadruple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "serious" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "深刻な", "重大", "真剣な", "謹厳" based on context.
- 深刻な (しんこくな (shinkokuna) - Level: N3): Maps to "serious, severe, grave" and is used when Describes a problem, situation, or condition that is grave, severe, or has serious implications, requiring serious attention..
- 重大 (じゅうだい (jūdai) - Level: N3): Maps to "Serious, grave, important, significant" and is used when Emphasizes the importance, gravity, or severity of a matter. Often used for problems, decisions, news. Can be used with な as an adjective.
- 真剣な (しんけんな (shinken na) - Level: N3): Maps to "serious, earnest" and is used when Describes someone's attitude, effort, or a situation that requires seriousness. Often used with 「に」 as an adverb.
- 謹厳 (きんげん (kingen) - Level: N1): Maps to "serious; solemn; grave; strict; austere" and is used when Describes a person's character, attitude, or appearance as being very serious, strict, and formal, often implying a lack of humor or lightheartedness. 真面目で厳格な態度や様子を指す。.
Context for "深刻な"
地球温暖化は深刻な問題だ。
Global warming is a serious problem.
Context for "重大"
これは会社にとって重大な問題です。
This is a serious problem for the company.
Context for "真剣な"
彼はいつも仕事に真剣に取り組んでいる。
He always tackles his work seriously.
Context for "謹厳"
彼はいつも謹厳な態度で仕事に取り組んでいる。
He always approaches his work with a serious and strict attitude.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "地球温暖化は ＿＿＿ 問題だ。" (Meaning: "Global warming is a serious problem.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "深刻な" is correct here because it represents "serious, severe, grave" in the context: "Global warming is a serious problem.".