Quintuple VS
Synonym Boundary: "言います", "言う", "申し上げる", "申す", "言い放つ"
All represent the core concept "say", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
言います
いいます (iimasu)
N5 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
言う
いう (iu)
N5 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
申し上げる
もうしあげる (moushiageru)
N4 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
申す
もうす (mōsu)
N3 / CEFR
Japanese Option E
言い放つ
いいはなつ (iihanatsu)
C1 / CEFR
Quintuple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "say" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "言います", "言う", "申し上げる", "申す", "言い放つ" based on context.
- 言います (いいます (iimasu) - Level: N5): Maps to "to say, to tell" and is used when Polite form of 言う.
- 言う (いう (iu) - Level: N5): Maps to "to say, to tell" and is used when Used to report what someone says, to express one's own thoughts, or to tell something. Polite form is 言います.
- 申し上げる (もうしあげる (moushiageru) - Level: N4): Maps to "to say, to tell, to state (humble form of 言う)" and is used when 謙譲語（けんじょうご）。相手への敬意を示し、自分の行為をへりくだって言う時に使います。ビジネスシーンなどでよく使われます。Humble form of 言う.
- 申す (もうす (mōsu) - Level: N3): Maps to "to say, to be called (humble)" and is used when Humble form of 言う.
- 言い放つ (いいはなつ (iihanatsu) - Level: C1): Maps to "to say bluntly" and is used when Essential structural term in CEFR C1 vocabulary syllabus..
Context for "言います"
先生にありがとうと言います。
I say thank you to the teacher.
Context for "言う"
先生が「おはよう」と言いました。
The teacher said, "Good morning."
Context for "申し上げる"
先生に感謝の気持ちを申し上げました。
I expressed my gratitude to my teacher.
Context for "申す"
私は田中と申します。
My name is Tanaka. (Lit. I am called Tanaka.)
Context for "言い放つ"
毎日、日本語を練習するために言い放つ。
Every day, I say bluntly to practice Japanese.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "先生にありがとうと ＿＿＿ 。" (Meaning: "I say thank you to the teacher.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "言います" is correct here because it represents "to say, to tell" in the context: "I say thank you to the teacher.".