Quintuple VS
Synonym Boundary: "逃げる", "営む", "駆ける", "こき下ろす", "右往左往"
All represent the core concept "run", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
逃げる
にげる (nigeru)
N4 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
営む
いとなむ (itonamu)
N2 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
駆ける
かける (kakeru)
N2 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
こき下ろす
こきおろす (kokiorosu)
C1 / CEFR
Japanese Option E
右往左往
うおうさおう (uousaou)
C1 / CEFR
Quintuple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "run" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "逃げる", "営む", "駆ける", "こき下ろす", "右往左往" based on context.
- 逃げる (にげる (nigeru) - Level: N4): Maps to "to run away; to escape" and is used when Used when someone or something flees from danger, a difficult situation, or a person. Can be used literally.
- 営む (いとなむ (itonamu) - Level: N2): Maps to "to run (a business), to operate, to carry on (a life/livelihood)" and is used when ビジネスや生活など、継続的な活動を行うことを表します。.
- 駆ける (かける (kakeru) - Level: N2): Maps to "to run (quickly), to gallop, to dash" and is used when Implies running quickly or at a full dash, often with a sense of urgency or speed. More dynamic and emphasizes speed compared to 走る.
- こき下ろす (こきおろす (kokiorosu) - Level: C1): Maps to "to run down, criticize" and is used when Essential structural term in CEFR C1 vocabulary syllabus..
- 右往左往 (うおうさおう (uousaou) - Level: C1): Maps to "run about in confusion" and is used when Essential structural term in CEFR C1 vocabulary syllabus..
Context for "逃げる"
彼は危険から逃げた。
He ran away from danger.
Context for "営む"
父は小さなカフェを営んでいる。
My father runs a small cafe.
Context for "駆ける"
遅刻しそうだったので、駅まで全速力で駆けた。
I was about to be late, so I dashed to the station at full speed.
Context for "こき下ろす"
毎日、日本語を練習するためにこき下ろす。
Every day, I run down, criticize to practice Japanese.
Context for "右往左往"
私は右往左往に興味があります。
I am interested in run about in confusion.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "彼は危険から逃げた。" (Meaning: "He ran away from danger.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "逃げる" is correct here because it represents "to run away; to escape" in the context: "He ran away from danger.".