Quadruple VS
Synonym Boundary: "走る", "はしる", "営む", "右往左往"
All represent the core concept "run", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
走る
はしる (hashiru)
N5 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
はしる
はしる (hashiru)
N5 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
営む
いとなむ (itonamu)
N2 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
右往左往
うおうさおう (uousaou)
C1 / CEFR
Quadruple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "run" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "走る", "はしる", "営む", "右往左往" based on context.
- 走る (はしる (hashiru) - Level: N5): Maps to "to run" and is used when Intransitive verb. Used for physical running. Polite form is 走ります.
- はしる (はしる (hashiru) - Level: N5): Maps to "to run" and is used when Common verb for physical movement, typically for people or animals. Often used in the form '走る.
- 営む (いとなむ (itonamu) - Level: N2): Maps to "to run (a business), to operate, to carry on (a life/livelihood)" and is used when ビジネスや生活など、継続的な活動を行うことを表します。.
- 右往左往 (うおうさおう (uousaou) - Level: C1): Maps to "run about in confusion" and is used when Essential structural term in CEFR C1 vocabulary syllabus..
Context for "走る"
毎朝、公園を走ります。
I run in the park every morning.
Context for "はしる"
彼は毎日公園を走ります。
He runs in the park every day.
Context for "営む"
父は小さなカフェを営んでいる。
My father runs a small cafe.
Context for "右往左往"
私は右往左往に興味があります。
I am interested in run about in confusion.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "毎朝、公園を走ります。" (Meaning: "I run in the park every morning.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "走る" is correct here because it represents "to run" in the context: "I run in the park every morning.".