Quadruple VS
Synonym Boundary: "案", "目論見", "図る", "企てる"
All represent the core concept "plan", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
案
あん (an)
N3 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
目論見
もくろみ (mokurami)
N2 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
図る
はかる (hakaru)
N2 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
企てる
くわだてる (kuwadateru)
N2 / CEFR
Quadruple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "plan" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "案", "目論見", "図る", "企てる" based on context.
- 案 (あん (an) - Level: N3): Maps to "plan, idea, proposal, draft" and is used when Commonly used when discussing suggestions, drafts, or blueprints. Can also refer to a legislative bill or a scheme..
- 目論見 (もくろみ (mokurami) - Level: N2): Maps to "plan, scheme, project, intention" and is used when 通常、具体的な行動を伴う計画や企みを指します。成功を期待するが、結果は不確定なニュアンスも含むことがあります。.
- 図る (はかる (hakaru) - Level: N2): Maps to "to plan, to attempt, to devise, to seek, to aim for (e.g., efficiency, success)" and is used when Used for planning or aiming to achieve something, often positive outcomes like efficiency, improvement, or success. Also, implies making an effort or devising a scheme. 効率化、改善、成功など、何かを達成するために計画したり、目標としたり、工夫したりする際に使われます。.
- 企てる (くわだてる (kuwadateru) - Level: N2): Maps to "to plan, to scheme, to plot (often implies something ambitious, potentially negative or secret)" and is used when 将来何かを実行しようと計画するという意味ですが、特に大規模なことや、人にはあまり知られたくないこと、あるいは少し悪だくみのようなニュアンスで使われることがあります。.
Context for "案"
新しい企画の案を出す。
I will propose a new project plan.
Context for "目論見"
彼の会社買収の目論見は失敗に終わった。
His plan to acquire the company ended in failure.
Context for "図る"
会社はコスト削減を図るため、新しいシステムを導入した。
The company introduced a new system to aim for cost reduction.
Context for "企てる"
彼は新しい事業の立ち上げを企てている。
He is planning to launch a new business.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "新しい企画の ＿＿＿ を出す。" (Meaning: "I will propose a new project plan.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "案" is correct here because it represents "plan, idea, proposal, draft" in the context: "I will propose a new project plan.".