Quadruple VS
Synonym Boundary: "因習", "老獪", "古式", "断爛朝報"
All represent the core concept "old", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
因習
いんしゅう (inshū)
N2 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
老獪
ろうかい (rōkai)
N1 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
古式
こしき (koshiki)
N1 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
断爛朝報
だんらんちょうほう (danranchouhou)
C2 / CEFR
Quadruple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "old" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "因習", "老獪", "古式", "断爛朝報" based on context.
- 因習 (いんしゅう (inshū) - Level: N2): Maps to "old custom, tradition (often with a negative connotation of being outdated or rigid)" and is used when Refers specifically to outdated or rigid customs and traditions themselves, rather than the act of clinging to them. It often implies something that should be changed or abandoned..
- 老獪 (ろうかい (rōkai) - Level: N1): Maps to "old and cunning; wily; astute (often implying negative conniving)" and is used when 経験を積んでいて、物事の裏をかくなどずる賢い様子を表す。良い意味ではあまり使われず、策略的で手強い人物を指す。Describes someone who is experienced and shrewd, often in a cunning or sly way, especially in outsmarting others. Rarely used in a positive sense, usually referring to a formidable, strategic person..
- 古式 (こしき (koshiki) - Level: N1): Maps to "old style; ancient custom" and is used when Refers to methods, styles, or customs that have been passed down from ancient times, often implying tradition or formality. Commonly used with 「古式ゆかしい」.
- 断爛朝報 (だんらんちょうほう (danranchouhou) - Level: C2): Maps to "Old, useless documents" and is used when Essential structural term in CEFR C2 vocabulary syllabus..
Context for "因習"
その村には、いまだに時代遅れの因習が残っている。
Outdated old customs still remain in that village.
Context for "老獪"
あの政治家は老獪な手腕で、いくつもの難局を乗り越えてきた。
That politician, with his wily tactics, has overcome many difficult situations.
Context for "古式"
その祭りでは、古式にのっとった儀式が行われる。
In that festival, rituals based on ancient customs are performed.
Context for "断爛朝報"
私は断爛朝報に興味があります。
I am interested in Old, useless documents.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "その村には、いまだに時代遅れの ＿＿＿ が残っている。" (Meaning: "Outdated old customs still remain in that village.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "因習" is correct here because it represents "old custom, tradition (often with a negative connotation of being outdated or rigid)" in the context: "Outdated old customs still remain in that village.".