Quintuple VS
Synonym Boundary: "かける", "汚す", "努力する", "間違う", "騒ぐ"
All represent the core concept "make", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
かける
かける (kakeru)
N5 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
汚す
よごす (yogosu)
N4 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
努力する
どりょくする (doryoku suru)
N4 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
間違う
まちがう (machigau)
N4 / CEFR
Japanese Option E
騒ぐ
さわぐ (sawagu)
N4 / CEFR
Quintuple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "make" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "かける", "汚す", "努力する", "間違う", "騒ぐ" based on context.
- かける (かける (kakeru) - Level: N5): Maps to "to make a phone call; to hang; to wear (glasses)" and is used when This verb has multiple meanings. For N5, common usages include 「電話をかける」.
- 汚す (よごす (yogosu) - Level: N4): Maps to "to make dirty (transitive)" and is used when Used when someone *makes* something dirty. It emphasizes the action of an agent causing something to become dirty.
- 努力する (どりょくする (doryoku suru) - Level: N4): Maps to "to make an effort, to strive, to endeavor" and is used when To put in conscious effort and hard work towards a goal, emphasizing persistence and dedication. Often used for achieving difficult objectives like passing an exam or mastering a skill..
- 間違う (まちがう (machigau) - Level: N4): Maps to "to make a mistake, to be wrong" and is used when An intransitive verb meaning to be incorrect, to make an error, or to be mistaken. The transitive form is 間違える.
- 騒ぐ (さわぐ (sawagu) - Level: N4): Maps to "to make a noise; to be noisy; to make a fuss" and is used when Intransitive verb. Describes people making loud noises, being boisterous, or causing a commotion. Can also mean to panic. 大声を出したり、うるさくしたり、落ち着きがなくなったりする様子を表します。.
Context for "かける"
友達に電話をかけます。
I will make a phone call to my friend.
Context for "汚す"
彼はシャツにインクをこぼして汚してしまいました。
He spilled ink on his shirt and made it dirty.
Context for "努力する"
夢を叶えるために、毎日努力しています。
I make an effort every day to achieve my dream.
Context for "間違う"
テストの答えが間違っていた。
My test answer was wrong.
Context for "騒ぐ"
子供たちが公園で楽しく騒いでいます。
The children are having fun making noise in the park.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "友達に電話をかけます。" (Meaning: "I will make a phone call to my friend.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "かける" is correct here because it represents "to make a phone call; to hang; to wear (glasses)" in the context: "I will make a phone call to my friend.".