Quadruple VS
Synonym Boundary: "口実", "お先に", "弁解", "免じる"
All represent the core concept "excuse", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
口実
こうじつ (kōjitsu)
N3 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
お先に
おさきに (osaki ni)
N3 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
弁解
べんかい (benkai)
N3 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
免じる
めんじる (menjiru)
N2 / CEFR
Quadruple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "excuse" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "口実", "お先に", "弁解", "免じる" based on context.
- 口実 (こうじつ (kōjitsu) - Level: N3): Maps to "an excuse; a pretext" and is used when Refers to a reason given to hide the real reason or to avoid doing something. Often implies a fabricated or insincere reason..
- お先に (おさきに (osaki ni) - Level: N3): Maps to "Excuse me for going/leaving first; After you" and is used when Used when leaving before others or doing something before others, expressing a slight apology or courtesy. Also used to politely offer someone to go first.
- 弁解 (べんかい (benkai) - Level: N3): Maps to "excuse; explanation; justification; defense" and is used when Refers to making excuses, explaining one's actions to avoid blame, or defending oneself. Often used as 弁解する.
- 免じる (めんじる (menjiru) - Level: N2): Maps to "to excuse, to exempt, to remit, to forgive" and is used when A somewhat formal verb. Often used in contexts of excusing someone from a duty, forgiving a fault, or remitting a punishment/fine.
Context for "口実"
彼は忙しいのを口実にして、手伝いを断った。
He used being busy as an excuse to refuse to help.
Context for "お先に"
お先に失礼します。
Excuse me for leaving first.
Context for "弁解"
どれだけ見苦しい_______を重ねても、犯したミスが消えるわけではありません。
No matter how many unsightly excuses you pile up, the mistake you made will not disappear.
Context for "免じる"
今回は特別に失敗を免じてあげよう。
I will make an exception and forgive your mistake this time.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "彼は忙しいのを ＿＿＿ にして、手伝いを断った。" (Meaning: "He used being busy as an excuse to refuse to help.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "口実" is correct here because it represents "an excuse; a pretext" in the context: "He used being busy as an excuse to refuse to help.".