Quadruple VS
Synonym Boundary: "きめる", "決める", "決定する", "〜ことにする"
All represent the core concept "decide", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
きめる
きめる (kimeru)
N5 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
決める
きめる (kimeru)
N4 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
決定する
けっていする (ketteisuru)
N3 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
〜ことにする
〜ことにする (〜koto ni suru)
N3 / CEFR
Quadruple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "decide" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "きめる", "決める", "決定する", "〜ことにする" based on context.
- きめる (きめる (kimeru) - Level: N5): Maps to "to decide" and is used when Transitive verb meaning 'to decide' or 'to fix'. Often used for plans, rules, or choices. The intransitive form is 決まる.
- 決める (きめる (kimeru) - Level: N4): Maps to "to decide" and is used when Transitive verb. Used for making a decision, setting a plan, or determining something. Can also mean to fix or settle..
- 決定する (けっていする (ketteisuru) - Level: N3): Maps to "to decide; to determine; to resolve" and is used when Refers to making an official business decision, determining project requirements, or resolving issues. Often used as 予算を決定する or 方針を決定する. ⚠️ Haruka's Voice Column: 'To decide! "I have decided to make you my wife, Haruka-san!" ...っ! D-Decided to make me your wife! B-Baka! Why do you make such bold, manly declarations so suddenly! But... since you determined it so firmly, I suppose... I will let you decide my destiny forever! dummy!' / 【ハルカ部長のワンポイント指導】『けってい（決定）するわよ！『ハルカ部長、二人の将来の結婚式の会場、あの美しいチャペルのあるホテルに決定（内定）しました！あとは僕たちの誓いだけです！』って…っ！挙式会場の決定！バカ！/// 私の希望を完璧に叶えてくれた会場に決定するなんて…やるじゃない！…でも、一番大事なのは「一生私だけを愛する」というあんたのハートの決定なんだから、永久に揺るがないようにしなさい！』.
- 〜ことにする (〜ことにする (〜koto ni suru) - Level: N3): Maps to "to decide to, to make a point of, to choose to" and is used when Expresses a personal decision or resolution made by the speaker. It's about 'making it a rule' or 'deciding' to do something. Contrast with 「〜ことになる」which implies a decision made by others or circumstances..
Context for "きめる"
来週の旅行の予定を決めました。
I decided the schedule for next week's trip.
Context for "決める"
来週の旅行の予定を決めました。
I decided on the travel plans for next week.
Context for "決定する"
経営陣は緊急会議を開催し、アジア市場への新規参入に向けた次期のビジネス展開の方針を正式に_______ました。
The management team held an emergency meeting and officially decided the policy of the next business development towards new entry into the Asian market.
Context for "〜ことにする"
明日から毎日運動することにした。
I decided to exercise every day from tomorrow.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "来週の旅行の予定を決めました。" (Meaning: "I decided the schedule for next week's trip.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "きめる" is correct here because it represents "to decide" in the context: "I decided the schedule for next week's trip.".