Quadruple VS
Synonym Boundary: "来ます", "〜てくる", "差し掛かる", "かなう"
All represent the core concept "come", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
来ます
きます (kimasu)
N5 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
〜てくる
〜てくる (te kuru)
N3 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
差し掛かる
さしかかる (sashikakaru)
N2 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
かなう
かなう (kanau)
N2 / CEFR
Quadruple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "come" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "来ます", "〜てくる", "差し掛かる", "かなう" based on context.
- 来ます (きます (kimasu) - Level: N5): Maps to "to come (polite form)" and is used when Polite form of 来る.
- 〜てくる (〜てくる (te kuru) - Level: N3): Maps to "to come doing; to start doing; to become (up to now)" and is used when Indicates a change or action that progresses from the past up to the present, or an action moving towards the speaker. It suggests a process or continuation that has led to the current state..
- 差し掛かる (さしかかる (sashikakaru) - Level: N2): Maps to "to come to (a place), to approach, to be on the verge of" and is used when ある場所や時間、段階に近づくことや、そこに着くことを表します。物理的な場所だけでなく、時期や年齢にも使われます。.
- かなう (かなう (kanau) - Level: N2): Maps to "to come true (wish); to be realized (dream); to match; to be equal to" and is used when Primarily means for a wish or dream to be fulfilled.
Context for "来ます"
友達が家に来ます。
My friend comes to my house.
Context for "〜てくる"
日本に来てから、ずっと日本語を勉強してきました。
Since coming to Japan, I have been studying Japanese continuously.
Context for "差し掛かる"
列車はまもなく駅に差し掛かるだろう。
The train will soon approach the station.
Context for "かなう"
彼の長年の夢がついにかなった。
His long-cherished dream finally came true.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "友達が家に ＿＿＿ 。" (Meaning: "My friend comes to my house.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "来ます" is correct here because it represents "to come (polite form)" in the context: "My friend comes to my house.".