Quadruple VS
Synonym Boundary: "寒い", "かぜ", "さむい", "つめたい"
All represent the core concept "cold", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
寒い
さむい (samui)
N5 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
かぜ
かぜ (kaze)
N5 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
さむい
さむい (samui)
N5 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
つめたい
つめたい (tsumetai)
N5 / CEFR
Quadruple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "cold" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "寒い", "かぜ", "さむい", "つめたい" based on context.
- 寒い (さむい (samui) - Level: N5): Maps to "cold (weather, air temperature)" and is used when An i-adjective used to describe the air temperature or weather as cold. Not used for objects..
- かぜ (かぜ (kaze) - Level: N5): Maps to "a cold, flu" and is used when This word.
- さむい (さむい (samui) - Level: N5): Maps to "cold (temperature, weather)" and is used when An い-adjective used to describe cold weather or air. Cannot be used for cold objects.
- つめたい (つめたい (tsumetai) - Level: N5): Maps to "cold (to the touch, objects, drinks)" and is used when An い-adjective used for cold objects, drinks, or touch. Cannot be used for cold weather.
Context for "寒い"
今日はとても寒いですね。
It's very cold today, isn't it?
Context for "かぜ"
かぜを引いて、熱があります。
I caught a cold and have a fever.
Context for "さむい"
今日はとても寒いです。
It's very cold today.
Context for "つめたい"
冷たい水が飲みたいです。
I want to drink cold water.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "今日はとても ＿＿＿ ですね。" (Meaning: "It's very cold today, isn't it?")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "寒い" is correct here because it represents "cold (weather, air temperature)" in the context: "It's very cold today, isn't it?".