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Quadruple VS

Synonym Boundary: "閉まる", "閉じる", "密接", "手近"

All represent the core concept "close", but require precise selection.

Japanese Option A

閉まる

しまる (shimaru)
N4 / CEFR
Japanese Option B

閉じる

とじる (tojiru)
N4 / CEFR
Japanese Option C

密接

みっせつ (missetsu)
N2 / CEFR
Japanese Option D

手近

てぢか (tejika)
N2 / CEFR

Quadruple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences

When expressing "close" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "閉まる", "閉じる", "密接", "手近" based on context.
  • 閉まる (しまる (shimaru) - Level: N4): Maps to "to close (intransitive)" and is used when Intransitive verb. Used when something closes by itself or is closed by an unspecified agent. For transitive 'to close.
  • 閉じる (とじる (tojiru) - Level: N4): Maps to "to close (transitive); to shut" and is used when 本や目、傘などを閉める際に使います。ドアや窓には「閉める」を使うことが多いですが、お店を閉めるなどの場合にも使われます。.
  • 密接 (みっせつ (missetsu) - Level: N2): Maps to "close, intimate, inseparable, related" and is used when Describes a very close and strong relationship or connection between two or more things, often abstract concepts or phenomena. It implies an inseparable link..
  • 手近 (てぢか (tejika) - Level: N2): Maps to "close at hand, handy, accessible, familiar" and is used when すぐ手の届く範囲にあること、または簡単に利用できること。身近で慣れているという意味でも使われます。.
Mixing these up can easily lead to unnatural translations. Refer to the bilingual context cards below to master the boundaries!
Context for "閉まる"
ドアが閉まります。
The door closes.
Context for "閉じる"
私は疲れたので、目を閉じました。
I was tired, so I closed my eyes.
Context for "密接"
環境問題は私たちの生活に密接に関わっている。
Environmental issues are closely related to our daily lives.
Context for "手近"
手近なもので朝食を済ませた。
I finished breakfast with what I had close at hand.

Synonym Mastery Challenge

Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?

Fill in the blank: "ドアが閉まります。" (Meaning: "The door closes.")
🎉 Correct Answer!

Remember: "閉まる" is correct here because it represents "to close (intransitive)" in the context: "The door closes.".

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