Quadruple VS
Synonym Boundary: "運ぶ", "担ぐ", "持ち越す", "繰り越す"
All represent the core concept "carry", but require precise selection.
Japanese Option A
運ぶ
はこぶ (hakobu)
N4 / CEFR
Japanese Option B
担ぐ
かつぐ (katsugu)
N2 / CEFR
Japanese Option C
持ち越す
もちこす (mochikosu)
N2 / CEFR
Japanese Option D
繰り越す
くりこす (kurikosu)
N2 / CEFR
Quadruple VS Nuance Contrast & Social Differences
When expressing "carry" in Japanese, you must carefully distinguish between "運ぶ", "担ぐ", "持ち越す", "繰り越す" based on context.
- 運ぶ (はこぶ (hakobu) - Level: N4): Maps to "to carry, to transport" and is used when Refers to moving items from one place to another, often implying effort or a larger quantity/size than 持って行く. 物を移動させる。.
- 担ぐ (かつぐ (katsugu) - Level: N2): Maps to "to carry on one's shoulders; to shoulder; to hoist" and is used when Primarily refers to carrying something heavy on one's shoulders or back. Can also colloquially mean to trick someone or to elect someone..
- 持ち越す (もちこす (mochikosu) - Level: N2): Maps to "to carry over, to postpone, to defer (to the next day/month/etc.)" and is used when Used when something.
- 繰り越す (くりこす (kurikosu) - Level: N2): Maps to "to carry over (e.g., balance, leave days)" and is used when Commonly used in finance, accounting, or when managing annual leave, meaning to transfer something to the next period or year..
Context for "運ぶ"
この大きな荷物を一人で運ぶのは大変だ。
It's hard to carry this large luggage alone.
Context for "担ぐ"
祭りで、みんなでお神輿を担いだ。
At the festival, everyone shouldered the portable shrine.
Context for "持ち越す"
その問題は、来週の会議に持ち越されることになった。
That issue was decided to be carried over to next week's meeting.
Context for "繰り越す"
残りの有給休暇を来年に繰り越す。
To carry over the remaining paid leave to next year.
Synonym Mastery Challenge
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "この大きな荷物を一人で ＿＿＿ のは大変だ。" (Meaning: "It's hard to carry this large luggage alone.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "運ぶ" is correct here because it represents "to carry, to transport" in the context: "It's hard to carry this large luggage alone.".