Synonym Nuance VS
How to say "Make" in Japanese
Both words can translate to "make", but which should you choose?
Japanese Option A
電話する
でんわする (denwa suru)
N4 / CEFR Syllabus
VS
Japanese Option B
努める
つとめる (tsutomeru)
N3 / CEFR Syllabus
Nuance Contrast & Translation Difference
When translating "make" into Japanese, you must choose carefully between 電話する and 努める.
In Japanese, 電話する (でんわする (denwa suru)) is typically associated with "to make a phone call" (Syllabus Level: N4) and represents Used when making a phone call to someone. Can be used with に.
On the other hand, 努める (つとめる (tsutomeru)) maps to "to make an effort; to endeavor; to strive" (Syllabus Level: N3) and represents Often used when talking about making a conscious effort or trying hard to achieve something. It implies perseverance. It is an intransitive verb in most common usages related to effort.. A literal translation of "make" can often sound unnatural to native Japanese speakers if mixed up!
Bilingual Context for "電話する"
友達に電話して、会議の時間を伝えました。
I called my friend and told them the meeting time.
Bilingual Context for "努める"
彼は目標達成のために毎日努めている。
He strives every day to achieve his goal.
Nuance Mastery Quiz
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "友達に電話して、会議の時間を伝えました。" (Meaning: "I called my friend and told them the meeting time.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "電話する" fits here because it means "to make a phone call" in the context of: "I called my friend and told them the meeting time.". "努める" represents "to make an effort; to endeavor; to strive".