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Synonym Nuance VS

How to say "Be" in Japanese

Both words can translate to "be", but which should you choose?

Japanese Option A

います

います (imasu)
N5 / CEFR Syllabus
VS
Japanese Option B

我慢する

がまんする (gamansuru)
N4 / CEFR Syllabus

Nuance Contrast & Translation Difference

When translating "be" into Japanese, you must choose carefully between います and 我慢する. In Japanese, います (います (imasu)) is typically associated with "to be, to exist (animate objects)" (Syllabus Level: N5) and represents Polite form of いる. Used for the existence of animate objects. On the other hand, 我慢する (がまんする (gamansuru)) maps to "to be patient; to endure; to put up with; to tolerate; to suppress" (Syllabus Level: N4) and represents Used when one has to endure or tolerate something difficult, painful, or annoying, or to suppress a desire/feeling. It implies a conscious effort to bear something unpleasant.. A literal translation of "be" can often sound unnatural to native Japanese speakers if mixed up!
Bilingual Context for "います"
部屋に猫がいます。
There is a cat in the room.
Bilingual Context for "我慢する"
痛かったけど、最後まで我慢しました。
It hurt, but I endured it until the end.

Nuance Mastery Quiz

Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?

Fill in the blank: "部屋に猫が ___ 。" (Meaning: "There is a cat in the room.")
🎉 Correct Answer!

Remember: "います" fits here because it means "to be, to exist (animate objects)" in the context of: "There is a cat in the room.". "我慢する" represents "to be patient; to endure; to put up with; to tolerate; to suppress".