Synonym Nuance VS
How to say "As" in Japanese
Both words can translate to "as", but which should you choose?
Japanese Option A
相変わらず
あいかわらず (aikawarazu)
N3 / CEFR Syllabus
VS
Japanese Option B
努めて
つとめて (tsutomete)
N2 / CEFR Syllabus
Nuance Contrast & Translation Difference
When translating "as" into Japanese, you must choose carefully between 相変わらず and 努めて.
In Japanese, 相変わらず (あいかわらず (aikawarazu)) is typically associated with "as ever, as usual, still" (Syllabus Level: N3) and represents Used when something or someone remains unchanged despite the passage of time or circumstances. It can be positive or negative..
On the other hand, 努めて (つとめて (tsutomete)) maps to "as much as possible; as diligently as possible; to try hard (adverbial)" (Syllabus Level: N2) and represents 「できる限り」「一生懸命に」といった意味で、ある行動を意識的に努力して行う様子を表す副詞です。/ An adverb meaning 'as much as possible' or 'diligently,' describing the act of consciously making an effort to perform an action.. A literal translation of "as" can often sound unnatural to native Japanese speakers if mixed up!
Bilingual Context for "相変わらず"
彼は相変わらず元気だ。
He's as energetic as ever.
Bilingual Context for "努めて"
彼は努めて冷静を装っていたが、内心は焦っていた。
He tried his best to appear calm, but inwardly he was panicking.
Nuance Mastery Quiz
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: "彼は ＿＿＿ 元気だ。" (Meaning: "He's as energetic as ever.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "相変わらず" fits here because it means "as ever, as usual, still" in the context of: "He's as energetic as ever.". "努めて" represents "as much as possible; as diligently as possible; to try hard (adverbial)".