Synonym Nuance VS
How to say "As" in Japanese
Both words can translate to "as", but which should you choose?
Japanese Option A
やはり
やはり (yahari)
N4 / CEFR Syllabus
VS
Japanese Option B
努めて
つとめて (tsutomete)
N2 / CEFR Syllabus
Nuance Contrast & Translation Difference
When translating "as" into Japanese, you must choose carefully between やはり and 努めて.
In Japanese, やはり (やはり (yahari)) is typically associated with "as expected, after all, too, also" (Syllabus Level: N4) and represents Adverb. Implies that something is as one thought or expected. Also has a slightly more formal variant '矢張り'.
On the other hand, 努めて (つとめて (tsutomete)) maps to "as much as possible; as diligently as possible; to try hard (adverbial)" (Syllabus Level: N2) and represents 「できる限り」「一生懸命に」といった意味で、ある行動を意識的に努力して行う様子を表す副詞です。/ An adverb meaning 'as much as possible' or 'diligently,' describing the act of consciously making an effort to perform an action.. A literal translation of "as" can often sound unnatural to native Japanese speakers if mixed up!
Bilingual Context for "やはり"
やはり、彼はそのニュースを知っていました。
As expected, he knew that news.
Bilingual Context for "努めて"
彼は努めて冷静を装っていたが、内心は焦っていた。
He tried his best to appear calm, but inwardly he was panicking.
Nuance Mastery Quiz
Which Japanese word perfectly fits this blank space?
Fill in the blank: " ＿＿＿ 、彼はそのニュースを知っていました。" (Meaning: "As expected, he knew that news.")
🎉 Correct Answer!
Remember: "やはり" fits here because it means "as expected, after all, too, also" in the context of: "As expected, he knew that news.". "努めて" represents "as much as possible; as diligently as possible; to try hard (adverbial)".